Second-hand smoke remains a major health concern across the globe. Although some don’t fully appreciate its consequences, research demonstrates the impact it can have on unknowing victims – especially children.
A growing body of research is exploring the effects of exposure to second-hand smoke. One study found second-hand smoke to substantially increase the risk of ischaemic heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and lung cancer. It may also raise the risk of developing asthma, lower respiratory infections, breast cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, among other general health concerns.
The threat is greatest in children, who also have the least control over how much smoke they are exposed to. Research associates second-hand smoke intake with increased incidence of behaviour problems, in addition to the risks already outlined.
There is no safe level of exposure – to second-hand or first-hand smoke. The only way to protect children and anyone else in the surrounding area is to not smoke around them at all.
As such, the government has been taking steps to reduce exposure, which included the introduction of smoke-free legislation in 2015/16 that banned smoking in private cars when a minor (under 18) was present. This adds to the existing laws that prevent smoking in all enclosed public spaces throughout the UK. There is also a Tobacco and Vapes Bill in progress right now that is aiming to phase out the sale of tobacco products across the country, while also providing the power to make certain outdoor and open spaces smoke-free.
The jury is still out when it comes to comparing cigarettes and vapes. The general consensus is that vapes are less harmful than cigarettes and, therefore, a good tool to support cessation. For example, the NHS promotes it as an option for anyone wanting to kick the habit. However, there is some concern regarding the long-term use of e-cigarettes, because this data simply doesn’t exist yet. Some research does associate the smoking alternative with some respiratory, neurological, and cardiovascular side effects. Only time will tell which is best, but anyone considering the swap for themselves should speak to a healthcare professional to make sure they are fully and correctly informed about the benefits and risks of every option available.
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